A key component of the BFUiR program includes a groundbreaking geothermal exchange system as part of Mayo Clinic’s transition from steam to hot water heating. Anticipated for completion in 2030, the system is located within the subway level of the new clinical building on the Ozmun block and will provide resilient, low-carbon heating and cooling by leveraging the Jordan aquifer as a thermal source and sink.
Designed to house four 1,000-ton heat pump chillers, each capable of providing 17 million BTUs per hour (MMBH) of heating. Initially, two chillers will be installed, with additional units to support future system expansion. The system features variable primary pumping for chilled water distribution into the existing campus district system and primary-secondary pumping for heating hot water distribution to new facilities. Over time, this plant will expand to serve additional campus buildings as Mayo Clinic systematically replaces steam heating with hot water.
The geothermal exchange system uses the Jordan aquifer as a heat source and sink, enabling energy storage within the dense urban environment. Due to the Jordan aquifer’s role as Rochester’s municipal drinking water supply, stringent protection measures were implemented. Extensive test well programs conducted prior to design validation confirmed aquifer performance and water quality.
Locating the geothermal exchange plant 30 feet below grade in the subway level required close coordination with Mayo Clinic and the broader hospital design and construction team. An area well was incorporated to facilitate the installation and future replacement of the heat pump chillers.
The plant is designed to operate in six distinct modes: heating only, cooling only, balanced, simultaneous, cooling-dominant, and heating-dominant. Each mode requires precise sequencing and integration with the open-loop aquifer system to optimize efficiency and maintain aquifer balance.
This integration of complex geothermal technology with district energy distribution establishes the anchor point for Mayo Clinic’s steam-to-hot-water conversion strategy. Once operational, the system will provide resilient, low-carbon heating and cooling, supporting world-class patient care and advancing Mayo Clinic’s mission of building a more sustainable campus.